Guan Gong is one of the heroes of the Chinese classical novel The Romance of the Three Kingdoms. One of such a role is Guan Gong (Kuan Kung) who is regarded as the God of War. The red face Lao Sheng or Hong Sheng has only two roles. Minor officials or land owners who have attained a small degree of responsibility are also included in this role. A Lao Sheng's voice is soft and pleasant to listen to, neither too harsh nor too high pitched, but gentle and firm. When a military role is played, the costume is quieter and of a more uniform color than those of the warriors in the painted-face roles, but the Kao or amour is also worn. A Lao Sheng has a black or white beard, depending on his age, and wears a black hat with two fins on either side which vary in shape according to his rank in a civil role. Their apparel accordingly is of good quality but not too garish in its design or color. Lao Sheng actors are required to attain the dignity of bearing and gentle, polished manners of the middle-aged mandarin official or scholar in military plays they may be a general or high-ranking officer of a gentler and more cultivated disposition than of the painted faces. The actors themselves are mainly trained for three main parts: Senior Male Role or Lao Sheng, a middle-aged or old man who wears a beard, Junior Male Role or Xiao Sheng (Hsiao sheng), a young man and Acrobatic Male Role or Wu Sheng, a man of military tenor, especially skilled in acrobatics. These are classified according to the role's characteristics. Sheng has some sub-categories, including Senior, Junior, Acrobatic, Junior Acrobatic, Child, Red-face, Poor, Official, etc. In contrast, Chou characters are usually active and quick. And Chou in Chinese sometime represents the animal "Cow", which, in some aspects, is slow and tardy. In fact, the paintings on face make the characters look like unclean but colorful. Dan, which means "morning", "masculine", is in contrary with the feminine nature of the characters. Sheng in Chinese may mean "strange" or "rare", but the chief male is a character of most seen. The reason the role categories take the names of Sheng, Dan, Jing and Chou is that it is said that they were chosen to mean the opposite. Except the second category, the other three categories are for male characters.
They are Sheng - Male Role, Dan - Female Role, Jing - Painted Face Male and Chou - The Comedy Role.Īny role in these categories or sub-categories can be the leading role in a play. There are currently four main role categories in Beijing Opera. The rest tells what roles appear in the plays, from the powerful supernatural beings to animals like tigers and dogs. The first five characters list the five role categories. It probably says everything about the roles in Beijing Opera. The ten Chinese characters shown on left are from a song sung in a Chinese New Year Eve television program.
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